Floristic assemblages from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of Eastern Chukotka

L. B. Golovneva, S. V. Shczepetov

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/palaeobotany/2015.6.14

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Annotation

Collections of fossil plants from the Upper Cretaceous volcanogenous deposits of Eastern Chukotka were studied. Floristic assemblages were divided into two groups of diff erent age: the Coniacian and Santonian — late Campanian.

The Amguema flora includes assemblages from the Tumaninskaya and Leurvaam Formations. This flora consists of 23 taxa:

Equisetopsida: Equisetum sp.

Polypodiopsida: Coniopteris tschuktschorum (Krysht.) Samyl., Asplenium sp., Cladophlebis sp.

Cycadopsida: Taeniopteris sp., Heilungia sp.

Ginkgoopsida: Ginkgo ex gr. sibirica Heer, Ginkgo ex gr. adiantoides (Ung.) Heer, Sphenobaiera sp.

Czekanowskiopsida: Phoenicopsis ex gr. angustifolia Heer, Ph. steenstrupii Seward.

Pinopsida: Taxodium amguemensis (Efimova) Golovn., Sequoia sp., Metasequoia sp., Cupressinocladus sp., Pagiophyllum zhuravlevii Golovn., Cunninghamia orientalis (Philipp.) Samyl., Pityophyllum sp., Pityostrobus sp., Pityolepis sp.

Magnoliopsida: Trochodendroides sp., Quereuxia angulata (Newb.) Krysht. ex Baik., Platanaceae indet.

Among them gymnosperms (17 species) predominate. Ferns (3 species) and angiosperms (3 species) are less abundant. Shoots of Taxodium and floating rosettes of water plant Quereuxia angulata are frequent in collection. Prevalence of these remains and composition of sediments (thinly laminated siltstone and mudstone) allows to suggest that the Amguema flora reflects vegetation, which was distributed along banks of standing water or small calm rivers.

This flora consists mostly from species of wide stratigraphic distribution. The occurrence of Cunninghamia orientalis (Philipp.) Samyl., which are characteristic species of the Ola and Arkagala floras, suggeststhe Santonian — late Campanian age of the Amguema flora.

The Vovoveem floristic assemblage and isolated fi ndings from the Osinovskaya, Ekityki Formations and Amgen Unit belong to second group. Species, characteristic for the Chaun flora of Central Chukotka (Kolymella raevskii Samyl. et Philipp., Tchaunia tchaunensis Samyl. et Philipp., Ctenis paljavaensis Philipp., Araucarites subacutensis Philipp., Trochodendroides microphylla Philipp., Heilungia gajmanensis Samyl. Et Shczep.) predominate in this group. On this base the age of this group is determined as the Coniacian. Findings of characteristic species of the Chaun flora indicate that the area of this flora was not limited by the territory of the Chaun Group distribution and continued also in Eastern Chukotka.

Section: Articles

How to cite

Golovneva L. B., Shczepetov S. V. 2015. Floristic assemblages from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of Eastern Chukotka. Palaeobotany, 6: 14—35. https://doi.org/10.31111/palaeobotany/2015.6.14

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