To syntaxonomy and ecology of communities with participation of alien species Hordeum jubatum L. in the South Urals

Ya. M. Golovanov, L. M. Abramova

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2020.38.13

Full article

Annotation

The synthaxonomy and ecology of communities with predominance of Hordeum jubatum L., included in the «black list» of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016a), the preliminary «black list» of the Orenburg Region (Abramova et al., 2017) and the «Black book of flora of Middle Russia» (Vinogradova et al., 2010), are discussed in the article, which continues a series of publications on the classification of communities with alien species in the South Urals (Abramova, 2011, 2016; Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b).

H. jubatum was first found in the South Urals in 1984 as an adventive plant occurring along streets in the town of Beloretsk, as well as in gardens where it was grown as an ornamental plant. During the 1980s, it was met also at some railway stations and in several rural localities. Its active distribution throughout the South Urals started in XXI century (Muldashev et al., 2017). Currently, H. jubatum, most naturalized in the native salted habitats of the steppe zone, is often found in disturbed habitats in all natural zones within the region. The short vegetating period and resistance to drought allowed it to be naturalized also in dry steppes, where it increasingly acts as the main weed on broken pastures.

The aim of the work, conducted during 2011–2017, was further finding the centers of H. jubatum invasion in 3 regions adjacent to the South Urals — the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg Regions (Fig. 1). In the main sites of H. jubatum invasion 71 relevès were performed on 10–100 m² sample plots with the information of location, date, the plot size, the total cover, average and maximum height of herb layer. Classification was carried out following the Braun-Blanquet method (Braun-Blanquet, 1964) with using the Kopecký–Hejný approach (Kopecký, Hejný, 1974).

The community ecology was assessed by weighted average values according to the optimal ecological scales by E. Landolt with usfge of the software of IBIS (Zverev, 2007). PCA-ordination method with usage CANOCO 4.5 software package was applied to identify patterns of environmental differentiation of invasive communities.

The current wide distribution area of H. jubatum and its naturalization in synanthropic, meadow and saline communities in the South Urals, as well as its occurrence within mountain-forest belt, forest-steppe and steppe zones both in the Cis- and Trans-Urals, indicates species wide ecological amplitude, high adaptive capability and invasive potential. Its vast thickets are known in the steppe zone, both in disturbed steppes around settlements and along the banks of water bodies. The invasion sites are smaller in the northern regions and mountain forest belt, where these are located in settlements or along communication lines. Therefore, the steppe zone is more favorable for invasive populations, and their distribution will continue from the south to the north.

Communities with predominance of H. jubatum, described earlier (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b) in the Cis-Urals as two derivative communities (associations Hordeum jubatum [Scorzonero–Juncetea gerardii], Hordeum jubatum [Artemisietea]) and Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati, were met in other regions of the South Urals. Also a new derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati], occuring in the northern part of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals, was established.

In new habitats this species forms three types of communities: ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (Fig. 2) the most widespread in anthropogenic habitats throughout the South Urals; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii] (Fig. 5) which replaces saline meadows mainly in the steppe zone of the region; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (Fig. 4) which y replaces low-herb meadows in the forest-steppe zone and mountain-forest belt.

PCA ordination (Fig. 6) shows that moisture (H) and soil richness-salinization (S) factors are in priority in differentiation of communities with predominance H. jubatum. The first axis is mainly related to the salinization and soil richness. The community pattern along the second axis is associated with wetting factor.

The cenoses of the derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (less salted substrates in drier conditions in the northern part of the forest-steppe zone and the mountain forest belt) are grouped in the upper part of the ordination diagram, while communities of ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (drier conditions in settlements, the steppe zone) in its low left part. Thus, axis 1 also reflects the intensity of trampling. Another group is formed by cenoses of the derivate community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii], (salt substrates with a high level of moisturization, on not very damaged water body banks). All communities with H. jubatum are well differentiated in the space of the main ordination axes that indirectly confirms the correctness of our syntaxonomic decision.

Undoubted is further expansion of H. jubatum with its entering both anthropogenic and natural plant communities within the South Urals that suggests a constant monitoring in centers of species invasion.

Key words: South Urals, alien species, Hordeum jubatum, invasion, naturalization, plant community, environmental factors

Section: Articles

How to cite

Golovanov Ya. M., Abramova L. M. 2020. To syntaxonomy and ecology of communities with participation of alien species Hordeum jubatum L. in the South Urals // Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 38: 13–26. https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2020.38.13

Received October 23 2019

References

Abramova L. M. 2011. Classification of communities with invasive species in the Southern Urals. I. Communities with Ambrosia species. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 19: 3–29. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2011.19.3.

Abramova L. M. 2012. Expansion of invasive alien plant species in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Southern Urals: Analysis of causes and ecological consequences. Russian Journal of Ecology. 43(5): 352–357. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413612050037.

Abramova L. M. 2015. Classification of communities with invasive species in the South Urals. II. Communities with a presence of genera Cyclachaena Fresen. and Xanthium L. species. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 27: 24–39. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2015.27.24.

Abramova L. M., Golovanov Ya. M. 2016а. Invasive plants of the Republic of Bashkortostan: “Blacklist”, publications and reports. Izvestija Ufimskogo nauchnogo centra RAN.2: 54–61. (In Russian).

Abramova L. M., Golovanov Ya. M. 2016b. Classification of communities with alien species on the South Urals. III. Communities with Bidens frondosa, Hordeum jubatum and Urtica cannabina. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 28: 13–27. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2016.28.13.

Abramova L. M., Golovanov Ya. M. 2019. Classification of communities with alien species in the South Urals. IV Communities with species of Solidago genus, Lupinus polyphyllus and Phalacroloma annuum. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 36: 3–24. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2019.36.3.

Abramova L. M., Golovanov Ya. M., Chaziahmetov R. M.2017. Invasive plants in the Orenburg Region. Izvestija Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 1(63): 184–186. (In Russian).

Braun M., Schindler S., Essl F. 2016. Distribution and management of invasive alien plant species in protected areas in Central Europe. Journal for Nature Conservation. 33: 48–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2016.07.002.

Braun-Blanquet J.1964. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzuge der Vegetationskunde. 3. Aufl. Wien; New York. 865 s. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8110-2.

Cherepanov S. К. 1995. Sosudistyye rasteniya Rossii i sopredelnykh gosudarstv (v predelakh byvshego SSSR) [Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (within the former USSR)]. St. Petersburg. 992 p. (In Russian).

Cherosov М. М. 2005. Sinantropnaya rastitel’nost’ Yakutii [Sinantropic vegetation of Yakutia]. Yakutsk. 160 p. (In Russian).

Gavrilova Zh. A., Gavrilenko V. E., Cherosov M. M. 2011. Foxtail barley in the vicinity of Mirny (experience of population-biological analysis of cenopopulations). Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 15(9-1): 105–111. (in Russian)

Ishbirdin A. R. 2001. Ekologo-geograficheskie zakonomernosti formirovaniya sinatropnyh flor i rastitel’nosti selitebnyh territorii Rossii: Dis. dokt. nauk [Ecological-geographical regularities of formation of sinatropic flora and vegetation of selitebic territories of Russia: Dr. Sci. Dis.]. Moscow. 342 p. (In Russian).

Iksanova L. A., Abramova L. M. 2011. To the characteristic of Hordeumjubatum L. coenopopulations in Bashkortostan republic. Vestnik Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 3(98): 193–198. (In Russian).

Hennekens S. M., Schaminée J. H. J. 2001. Turboveg, a comprehensive database management system for vegetation data. Journal of Vegetation Science. 12: 589–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/3237010.

Kopeсký K., Hejný S. 1974. A new approach to the classification of antropogenic plant communities. Vegetatio. 29(1): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02390892.

Korolyuk A. Yu. 2006. Ecological optimums of plants in Southern Siberia. Botanicheskie issledovaniya Sibiri i Kazakhstana. 12: 3–28. Barnaul; Kemerovo. (In Russian).

Kovrigina L. N., Stepanyuk G. Ya., Kamynina N. A. 2015. The structure of the stem bearded barley (Hordeum jubatum L. ).Problemy botaniki Yuzhnoi Sibiri i Mongolii. 14: 265–268. (In Russian).

Krasnov N. A., Nerogova R. G., Teplova L. P. 1984. Hordeum jubatum (Poaceae) in Chuvash, Mari and Tatar ASSR. Botanicheskii Zhurnal. 69(5): 674–676. (In Russian).

Kravtsova L. P., Shuvalova L. Yu. 2013. Assessment of the status of populations and prospects of use of the bearded barley (Hordeum jubatum L. ) in Khakassia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK.6: 16–17. (In Russian).

Lambdon P. W., Pyšek P., Basnou C., Arianoutsou M., Essl F., Hejda M., Jarošík V., Pergl J., Winter M., Anastasiu P., Andriopoulos P., Bazos I., Brundu G., Celesti-Grapow L., Chassot P., Delipetrou P., Josefsson M., Kark S., Klotz S., Kokkoris Y., Kühn I., Marchante H., Perglová I., Pino J., Vilà M., Zikos A., Roy D., Hulme P. E. 2008. Alien flora of Europe: species diversity, temporal trends, geographical patterns and research needs. Preslia. 80(2): 101–149.

Maevskiy P. F. 2014. Flora srednei polosy evropeiskoi chasti Rossii. 11-e izd. [Flora of the middle band of the European part of Russia. 11^th ed.]. Moscow. 635 p. (In Russian).

Mirkin B. M., Rosenberg G. S., Naumova L. G. 1989. Slovar ponyatiy i terminov sovremennoy fitotsenologii [Dictionary of concepts and terms of modern phytocenology]. Moscow. 223 p. (In Russian).

Mucina L., Bültmann H., Dierßen K., Theurillat J.-P., Dengler J., Carni A., Šumberová K., Raus T., Di Pietro R., Gavílan García R., Chytrý M., Iakushenko D., Schaminée J. H. J., Bergmeier E., Santos Guerra A., Daniëls F. J. A., Ermakov N., Valachovic M., Pignatti S., Rodwell J. S., Pallas J., Capelo J., Weber H. E., Lysenko T., Solomesh A., Dimopolous P., Aguiar C., Freitag H., Hennekens S. M., Tichý L. 2016. Vegetation of Europe: Hierarchical floristic classification system of plant, lichen, and algal communities. Applied Vegetation Science. 19 (Suppl. 1): 3–264. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12257.

Muldashev A. A., Abramova L. M., Golovanov Ya. M. 2017. Konspekt adventivnykh vidov rasteniy Respubliki Bashkortostan [Conspectus of adventive plant species of the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Ufa. 168 p. (In Russian).

Nechaev A. P. 1974. Hordeum jubatum L.within Lower Priamurye. Botanicheskii Zhurnal. 59(4): 542–545. (In Russian).

Novakovskiy A. B. 2008. Methods of ordination in modern geobotanics. Vestnik instituta biologii Komi nauchnogo tsentra Ural’skogo otdeleniya RAN.10(132): 2–8. (In Russian).

Pavleychik V. M. 2015. Novye dannye ob areale invazivnogo vida Hordeum jubatum L. na Yuzhnom Urale i v Preduralye [New data on the area of the invasive species Hordeum jubatum L. on the South Ural and in Cisural]. Stepi Severnoi Evrazii. Materialy VII Mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma [Steppes of Northern Eurasia. Proceedings of the VII International Symposium]. Orenburg. P. 601–603. (In Russian).

Pergl J., Sádlo J., Petrusek A., Laštůvka Z., Musil J., Perglová I., Šanda R., Šefrová H., Šíma J., Vohralík V., Pyšek P. 2016. Black, Grey and Watch Lists of alien species in the Czech Republic based on environmental impacts and management strategy. NeoBiota. 28: 1–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.28.4824.

Richardson D. M., Pyšek P. 2012. Naturalization of introduced plants: Ecological drivers of biogeographical patterns. New Phytol. 196(2): 383–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469–8137.2012.04292.x.

Stubbendieck J., Hatch S. L., Landholt L. M. 2003. North american wildland plants: a field guide. London. 501 p.

Seebens H., Essl F., Dawson W., Fuentes N., Moser D., Pergl J., Pyšek P., van Kleunen M., Weber E., Winter M., Blasius B. 2015. Global trade will accelerate plant invasions in emerging economies under climate change. Glob. Change Biol. 21: 4128–4140. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13021.

Seledets V. P., Probatova N. S. 2016. Ecological-phytocenotic positions of Hordeum jubatum (Poaceae) in the Far East of Russia. Rastitelnyi mir Aziatskoi Rossii. 2(22): 36–43. (In Russian).

Shitikov V. K., Zinchenko T. D. 2019. Multivariate statistical analysis of ecological communities (review). Teoreticheskaya i prikladnaya ekologiya.1: 5–11. (In Russian).https://doi.org/10.25750/1995–4301–2019–1–005–011.

Smirnov V. E., Chanina L. G. 2004. Methods for the analysis of the state of vegetation cover. Voctochno-evropeiskie lesa. Istoriya v golotsene i sovremennost’. Kn. 1 [East-European woods. History in the holocene and modernity. Book 1]. Moscow. P. 290–314.

Braak C. J. F. ter, Šmilauer P. 2002. CANOCO Reference Manual and CanoDraw for Windows User’s Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4.5). Ithaca, NY, USA. 500 p.

Tichý L. 2002. JUICE, software for vegetation classification J. Veg. Sci. 13: 451–453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654–1103.2002.tb02069.x.

Tsvetkov M. L. 1991. Naturalization of Hordeumjubatum (Poaceae) in Altay Region. Sibirskii ekologicheskii zhurnal. 2: 10–14. (In Russian).

Tsvetkov M. L. 2014. Some results of 30-year research on the naturalization of the long-manedbarley (Hordeum jubatum (Poaceae)) within the Altai Region. Vestnik Krasnoyarskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 11: 106–110. (In Russian).

Vegetace České republiky 2. Ruderální, plevelová, skalní a suťová vegetace (Vegetation of the Czech Republic 2. Ruderal, Weed and scree vegetation). 2009. / Chytrý M. (ed.). Praha. 520 p.

Vinogradova Yu. K., Maiorov S. R., Khorun L. V. 2009. Chernaya kniga flory Srednei Rossii [Black Book of Flora of Middle Russia]. Moscow. 494 p. (In Russian).

Yamalov S. M., Martynenko V. B., Abramova L. M., Golub V. B., Baisheva E. Z., Bayanov A. V. 2012. Prodromus rastitel’nykh soobshchestv Respubliki Bashkortostan [Prodrome of plant communities of the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Ufa. 100 p. (In Russian).

Zverev A. A. 2007. Informatsionnye tekhnologii v issledovaniyakh rastitel’nogo pokrova: Uchebnoe posobie [Information technology in vegetation research: a training manual] Moscow. 512 p. (In Russian).

Wang X. Y., Redmann R. E. 1996. Adaptation to salinity in Hordeum jubatum L. populations studied using reciprocal transplants. Vegetatio. 123: 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044888.

Westhoff V., Maarel E. van der. 1978. The Braun-Blanquet approach. Classification of plant communities / Ed. вy R. H. Whittaker. The Hague. P.287–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9183-5_9.